Indonesia Tourism Development

Various international organizations including UN, World Bank and World Tourism Organization (WTO), has acknowledged that tourism is an integral part of human life, especially concerning social and economic activities. Starting from activities that previously only enjoyed by a handful of people who are relatively rich in the early 20th century, have now become part of human rights, as stated by John Naisbitt in his book Global Paradox namely, that "w here once travel was Considered a privilege of the moneyed elite, now it is Considered a basic human right. This happens not only in developed countries but began to be felt also in developing countries including Indonesia.
In this connection, various countries including Indonesia, were also enjoying the impact of increased tourism world, especially in the period 1990 to 1996. The storm of economic crisis that hit Indonesia since late 1997, is a very valuable experience for the Indonesian tourism community to re-positioning as well as the re-vitalization of Indonesian tourism. Besides, under Law No. 25 of 2000 on the National Planning Programme tourism get a new assignment to contribute to accelerate the national economic recovery and restore the image of Indonesia in the international world. Assignment is more complicated, especially when faced with new challenges due to the tragedy of 11 September 2001 in the United States.
Facing the challenges and opportunities, it has been done also changes the role of Government in the field of culture and tourism, which in the past acted as executor of development, is currently focused only on the tasks of government primarily as a facilitator for tourism activities undertaken by the private sector can grow more rapidly. The role of the facilitator here can be interpreted as creating a comfortable climate for perpetrators of cultural activities and tourism can be developed efficiently and effectively.
In addition, the tourism sub-sector was expected to move the people's economy, because the sector is considered the most prepared in terms of facilities, equipment and infrastructure compared to other business sectors. Hope was developed in a community empowerment strategy through the development of populist-based tourism or community-based tourism development.
CONDITION OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM
Based on data cited in the WTO, in 2000 foreigners (tourists), the international reach of 698 million people are able to create a revenue of USD 476 billion. Growth in tourist numbers in the decade of the 90s by 4.2% while revenue growth of 7.3 percent of foreign tourists, even in 28 state revenue grew 15 cent per year.
While the number of domestic tourists in each country even greater in number and this group is the prime mover of the national economy. as an illustration in Indonesia the number of domestic tourists (wisnus) in 2000 amounted to 134 million with expenditures of Rp. 7.7 trillion. This number will further increase with the ease to access an area.
On the basis of these figures then pantutlah if tourism is categorized into the world's largest industrial group (the World's Largest Industry), as stated also by John Naisbitt in the book above. Approximately 8 percent of exports of goods and services, is generally derived from the tourism sector. And tourism has become the largest contributor in international trade from the services sector, approximately 37 percent, including 5-top exports 83% of the country categories at the WTO, the main source of foreign exchange in 38% of the country and in Southeast Asian tourism to contribute 10 -12 percent of GDP and 7-8 percent of total employement